Setsuko Migishi (1905 – 1999) was a Japanese yōga painter, a term for Western-style painting in Japan. She was known for vivid colours and bold brushwork in still lifes and landscapes, and she helped raise the standing of women artists in the Japanese art world.
Born into a wealthy family in Aichi Prefecture, she grew up near Nagoya and later moved to Tokyo, where she studied painting and graduated from the Women's Art School. She married the oil painter Kōtarō Migishi, who died in 1934, and in 1925 began exhibiting at the Shunyō-kai exhibition. She later moved to the Independent Art Association but left it in protest at its refusal to admit women as members. In 1936 she was one of the founders of the Nanasai-kai, one of the first women's artist collectives in Japan.
After the war she co-founded the Women Artists Association, and in 1950 her painting Kingyo was bought by the Ministry of Education. Flowers were a recurring theme, treated both figuratively and abstractly. She lived in France from 1968 and, after returning to Japan, settled in Ōiso. Her legacy is preserved in the Ichinomiya City Memorial Art Museum of Setsuko Migishi.